Quadruple-expansion engine



(No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 1..

J. HAUG. QUADRUPLB EXPANSION ENGINE.

No. 403,266. Patented May 14, 1889.

N. PETERS. Phoh-Ulhagraplwr, Washington. D. KL

(No Model.) 4 v '4 Sheets-Sheet 2. J. HAUG. QUADRUPLE EXPANSION ENGINE.

Patented May 14, 1889.

(No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 3. J. HAUG.

QUADRUPLE EXPANSION ENGINE.

No. 403,266.- Patented May 14, 1889.

Inventor" N. PETER$ Photo-Lilhognpher, Wuhinglnn, D. C,

(No Model.)

4 Sheets--Sheet 4. J. HAUG. QUADRUPLE EXPANSION ENGINE.

No. 403,266. Patented May 14, 1889.

Zy 71,68 JZiEZarnq/G N. PETERS. PhcQo-Lilho mphar, Washington n.0,

NITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.)

JOHN HAUG, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

QUADRUPLE-EXPANSION ENGINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 403,266, dated May 14,1889. Application filed June 27 1887. Serial No. 242,603. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN HAUG, a citizen of the United States, and aresident of Phi1adelphia, Pennsylvania, have invented certainImprovements in Quadruple-Expansion Engines, of which the following is aspecification.

The object of my invention is to so construct a quadruple-expansionengine as to provide for using the engine as a true quadruple-expansionengine, receivinglive steam in the first or smallest cylinder only ofthe set, or as a double-compound engine, receiving live steam in both ofthe small cylinders.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a plan view of one form ofquadruple-expansion engine constructed in accordance with my invention,the intermediate or directing valve-chest being shown in section; Fig.2, a view, partly in section and partly in elevation, through one pairof cylinders and their valvechests, the directing Valve-chest beingshown in elevation; Fig. 3, a view of the intermediate or directingvalve chest and its valves, showing the latter in different positionsfrom those illustrated in Fig. 1; Fig. 4, a diagram illustrating thedisposal of the cylinders in respect to the crank-shaft of the engine 5Figs. 5 to 8, diagrams illustrating modified arrangements of thecylinders, and Figs. 9 and 10 a modified construction of thedirecting-valves and valve-chest for use in connection therewith.

A represents the main shaft of the engine, on which are cranks B B, oneof said cranks being operated by a pair of cylinders, D D and the othercrank by a pair of cylinders, D D these two pairs of cylinders beingarranged side by side, and each pair comprising a cylinder of smalldiameter and a cylinder of larger diameter, the cylinders beingpreferably disposed as shown in the diagram, Fig. 4that is to say, thecylinder D of smallest diameter and the cylinder D" of largest diameterforming one pair, while the cylinders D D of intermediate diameter formthe second pair-so that the piston area and average steam-pressure ofeach pair will be about equal, and the application of uniform power toeach crank will be insured.

As shown in Figs. 1, 2, and 4:, the cylinders of each pair are arrangedtandem, the smaller cylinder being in advance, and each pair ofcylinders has a common cross-head, a, the piston of the smaller cylinderof the pair having a central rod, 1), while the piston of the largecylinder has side rods, 1), connected to said cross-head, to which isalso hung one end of the connecting-rod (l, the other end of the latterbeing adapted to one of the cranks in the usual manner.

Any desired form of valves and valve-gear may be used in connection withthe cylinders, that shown in the present instance being what is known asthe Marshall gear, but it should be understood that my invention is notlimited to this particular valve mechanism, nor do I claim the same.

In a quadruple-expansion engine, especially when the same is designedfor use in a warvessel, it is desirable to provide for working theengine either as a true quadruple-expansion engine or as adouble-compound engine, the live steam in the former case being admittedto the first or smallest cylinder of the set, but in the double-compoundengine being admitted to the two smaller cylinders, the quadrupleprinciple being adopted for the sake of economy when a moderate amountof power only is needed for ordinary cruising, and the engine beingworked as a double-compound engine when greater power is needed forsteaming at high speed in case of emergency-as, for instance, inpursuing or escaping from an enemy. For this reason I combine with thefour cylinders of the engine an intermediate or direct-ing valve-chest,F, having valves and seats so arranged that the eduction pipe or passageof the first cylinder may be caused to communicate with the inductionpipe or passage of the second cylinder, the eduction pipe or passage ofthe latter with the induction pipe or passage of the third cylinder, andso on; or the induction-pipes of both the first and second cylind ersmaybe placed in communication with the live-steam pipe, and theeductionpipes of said first and second cylinders caused to communicatewith the induction. pipes or passages of the third and fourth cylinders,respectively.

As shown in the drawings, f, f f and f represent, respectively, theinduction pipes or passages of the cylinders D, D D and D and g, g g andg represent, respectively,

the eduction pipes or passages of said cylinders. I

The chest F has chambers h, 7f, 71., and 7:1", communicating,respectively, with the induction pipes or passages f, ft and f", andother chambers, '1', i 1"", and i, communicating, respectively, with theeduction pipes or passages g, 9 g, and g of the various cylinders, thechamber 72. also communicating with the live-stcam-supply pipe G, whilethe chamber i communicates with the exhaust-pipe G, leading to thecondenser. In the partition between the chambers 7i and 7&2 there is anopening, 722, and in the partitions forming the boundaries of thechambers '11, i, and i are openings m and m, located opposite eachother, the open ings mbeing between the chambers "17 70 ,1? 71 and if 1respectively, while the openings m are respectively between the chambersi ha, i 71. and 1 7L".

Passing centrally through the chest F is a 'alve-stem, which carries asingle valve, n, adapted to close the opening on between the chambers hand 71?, and a series of duplex valves, am, one for each of the chambersi 71 and 17*, these valves being adapted to close either the openings mor the openings on of said chambers, according to the adj ustment, ofthe stem 17.

By this arrangement it will be observed that when the valves areadjusted to the positions shown in Fig. 1, so as to close all of theopenings on, the chamber 7b, which communicates with thelivesteam-supply pipe G, is cut oflf from all the pipes or passages,except the pipe f of the first cylinder, D, the eduction-pipe g fromthis cylinder being in communication through the chambers '2' 7L2 withthe induction-pipe f of the second cylinder, D the eduction-pipe g ofthe latter communicating through chambers i and h with theinduction-passage f of the third cylinder, D, and the eduction-pipe g01": the latter communicating through the chambers '6 and 7r with theinduction-passage f of the fourth and last cylinder, D, theeduetionpassage g" of which communicates through the exhaust-pipe G withthe condenser. Steam is thus worked under full pressure in the firstcylinder of the set, and expansively in the second, third, and fourthcylinders; but by simply shifting the valve-stem 1), so as to remove thevalves from the openings at and close the openings at, as shown in Fi 3,the live steam chamber h is placed in communication with theinduction-pipes f f of the cylinders I) D the eduction-pipe g of thecylinder D communicating with the induction-passagef of the cylinder D,the eduction-pipe g of the cylinder 1) communicating with theinduction-1.)assage f of the cylinder D", and the eduction-oassages g gof said cylinders D D both communicating with the exhaust-pipe G leadingto the condenser, so that steam is worked under full pressure in thecylinders D D*, and expansively in the cylinders D I), thus forming,

practically, two compound engines, the first or smallest cylinderexhausting into the third, and the second cylinder into the fourth orlargest, so that the degree of expansion and average pressure in each ofthe larger cylinders Will be substantially uniform.

Although I prefer to arrange all the valves or and n n on one stein, asshown and described, so that they may all be operated simultaneously, itwill be evident that the valves may be carried by independent sleeves,so as to be operated separately without departing from my invention.Although Iprefer also to adopt the tandem arrangement of the cylindersand the principle of direct action shown in Figs. 1, 2, and t, the samemay be modified without departing from my invention. For instance, inFigs. 5 and 6 I have shown one plan, and in Figs. '7 and 8 another plan,in which the cylinders of each pair are placed side by side.

In the arrangement shown in Fig. 5 the piston-rods of the cylinders D" Dare connected to the cranks and also by links (1' to the arms of beamsor levers J ,which are hung to suitable bearings on the frame of theengine, the other arms of said levers being connected by links (1'' tothe piston-rods of the cylinders D D In this case, as in the engineshown in Figs. 1 and 2, the cranks are set at an angle of ninety degreesin respect to each other; but the pistons of the cylinders of each pairmove in opposite directions, as will be readily understood.

In the arrangement shown in Figs. 7 and 8 the crank-shaft is at one sideof the frame, and three-armed rock-levers J are used to transmit themovement of the piston-rods to the cranks, two arms of each lever beingconnected to the piston-rods of a pair of cylinders, and the third armbeing connected to the crank.

The disposal of the cylinders, as shown in Figs. 5 to 8, necessitatesthe making of the intermediate or directin g'valve-chest, F, in twoparts, as shown in Figs. 9 and 10, one part containing the chambers 7171 i and being located adjacent to the valve-chests oi. the cylinders DD while the other part contains the chambers 7L3 71. 1' 2', and islocated adjacent to the valve-chesis oi the cylinders l) D. In this casepipes 1" i forming continuations of the chambers 7; 11*, connect the twovalve-chests F, as shown.

I claim as my invention 1. The combination, in a quadruple engine, offour cylinders of differential diameter, a live-steam inlet, anexhaust-outlet, passages for connecting the cylinders either in acontinuous series or in simultaneously-operating pairs, and valves forcontrolling the flow through said passages, all substantially asspecified.

2. The combination, in a quadruple engine, of four cylinders ofdifferential.diameter, passages connecting the first and secondcylinders of the set with. the steam-inlet, passages ITO connecting thefirst cylinder with the second and third, passages connecting the secondcylinder with the third and fourth, passages connecting the thirdcylinder with the fourth and with the final outlet, a passage connectingsaid fourth cylinder with said final outlet, and valves for opening andclosing said passages, as described,whereby live steam may be directedto the first cylinder only and worked in the series of cylinders insuccession before reaching the final outlet, or said live steam may besimultaneously admitted to the first and second cylinders, the firstcylinder exhausting into the third, the second cylinder into the fourth,and the third and fourth into the final outlet, all substantially asspecified.

3. The combination, in a quadruple engine, of four cylinders ofdifierent-ial diameter, passages for connecting the cylinders either ina continuous series. or in pairs, and duplex valves located in theeduction-chambers communicating with the first, second, and thirdcylinders, all substantially as specified.

4. The combination, in a quadruple engine,

of four cylinders of diiferential diameter, passages t'or connecting thecylinders either in continuous series or in pairs, duplex valves locatedinthe eduction-chambers communicating with the first, second, and thirdcylinders, and a single valve controlling the communication between theinduction-chambers of the first and second cylinders, all substantiallyas specified.

5. The combination, in a quadruple engine, of four cylinders ofdiiferential diameter, a directing-chest having passages for connectingthe cylinders either in a continuous series or in pairs, and a series ofvalves carried by a single stem and controlling the flow through. saidpassages, all substantially as specified.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in thepresence of two subscribing witnesses.

JOHN HAUG.

Witnesses:

WILLIAM D. CONNER, HARRY SMITH.

